Faith on Trial by Pamela Binnings Ewen Page A

required (millions of generations), the number of organisms required, and other limitations involved in calculating the probability of all biological subcellular microsystems mutating productively, from a practical point of view we’ll probably never know which side is right, and from a theological side it doesn’t matter if you believe that a creator is perfectly capable of designing an evolutionary process. The issue for the jury at this moment, however, is not who is right but rather that here again the “unknown” is studied rather than disregarded.
    47. The existence of dark matter, derived from indirect, circumstantial evidence, was first confirmed by results from the Cosmic Background Explorer (COBE) satellite announced on April 24, 1992. But in 2003 astronomers realized that dark matter made up only 24 percent of the density of the universe, and that 71.4 percent of density is a gravitationally repulsive dark energy. Nasa website: www.nasa.gov/universe/uni_matter.
    48. “New Findings Suggest Massive Black Holes Lurk in the Hearts of Many Galaxies,” The New York Times, January 14, 1997, B9; also see Hawking, A Brief History of Time , and Ross, The Creator and the Cosmos . Observations by the Hubble telescope provide compelling evidence for the reality of black holes, and most scientists now accept that they exist.
    49. Ibid.
    50. Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle holds that the position and the momentum of any subatomic particle cannot be known or measured simultaneously.
    51. Simon Singh, “The Proof is in the Neutrino,” The New York Times , June 16, 1998, A31. Physicists in Japan have demonstrated the neutrino has mass.
    52. Greenleaf, Testimony of the Evangelists , 38.
    Chapter Six
    1. Greenleaf, The Testimony of the Evangelists , 39.
    2. Ibid., 40.
    3. Ibid.
    4. Ibid., 43.
    5. Chalmers, Evidences of the Christian Revelation , American ed., quoted in Greenleaf, The Testimony of the Evangelists , 44.
    6. Tacitus, “ Annales xv:44 ,” in Bettenson, Documents of the Christian Church , 1–2.
    7. Seutonius, “Suet. Vita Claudii, xxv.4,” in Bettenson, Documents of the Christian Church , 2. Seutonius was a Roman historian under the emperor Hadrian.
    8. Pliny (the Younger), “Epp. X (ad Traj.), xcvi,” in Bettenson, Documents of the Christian Church, 3.
    9. Ibid., 3–4.
    10. Bruce, The New Testament Documents , 113.
    11. Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews , bk. 18; chap. 3 (3). Reprinted in The Complete Works of Josephus.
    12. The monograph in Arabic was published by an Israeli scholar in 1971. See Wilkins and Moreland, Jesus Under Fire , 213. Also see Habermas , Ancient Evidence for the Life of Jesus , 91–92.
    13. Habermas, Ancient Evidence for the Life of Jesus, 92.
    14. Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews , bk. 20, chap. 9 (1), in The Complete Works of Flavius Josephus , 423.
    15. Habermas, Ancient Evidence for the Life of Jesus , 98. The Talmud contains several other references which may possibly be references to Jesus of Nazareth; however, many were written centuries later, and not all are positive.
    16. Keller, The Bible as History , 328–29.
    17. Wilson, Jesus: The Evidence , 48.
    18. Justin Martyr, “Dialogue with the Jew Trypho,” in Finegan, The Archeology of the New Testament, 30.
    19. Origen, “ Against Celsus . I 51,” in Finegan, The Archeology of the New Testament , 30.
    20. Ibid., 36.
    21. Ibid., 43–49.
    22. Ibid., 48.
    23. Stuart Miller, “Sepphoris, the Well Remembered City,” Biblical Archaeologist , June 1992, vol. 55; 74–83; Neil Asher Silberman, “Searching for Jesus,” Archaeology , 30–40.
    24. Miller, “Sepphoris, the Well Remembered City.” Miller noted that this connection was first recognized by Richard A. Batey.
    25. As noted in Wilson, Jesus: The Evidence , 61–63.
    26. Ibid., 66.
    27. Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews , book 18, chap. 5 (2), (4), in The Complete Works of Josephus .
    28. Finegan, The Archeology of the New Testament ,