Archives, Stanford University, CA. Chiang Kai-shek, 1937 : © IN/Gen/Camera Press, London. Refugees on Shanghai’s Bund, 1937 : © Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis. Fires set by retreating Chinese, Nanjing, December 1937 : © Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis. General Matsui Iwane in his headquarters, Shanghai, 1938 : © Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty Images. Lieutenant General Dai Li working with special police forces, China, November 1945 : © Jack Wilkes/Time and Life/Getty Images. Chinese troops on the Suzhou front, Battle of Taierzhuang, April 1938 : © Robert Capa/Magnum Photos. Japanese troops using a boat during Yellow River floods, July 1938 : © Press Association Images. Mao Zedong speaks at Lu Xun Arts Institute in Yan’an, May 1938 : © CQ/Camera Press, London. Canton civilians take flight, June 1938 : © Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis. Chiang Kai-shek at Supreme War Council meeting in Wuhan, July 1938 : © Robert Capa/Magnum Photos. Wang Jingwei with Dr. Chu Minyi in Nanjing before inauguration, April 1940 : © Bettman/Corbis. Homeless people escape Congqing during bombing, May 1939 : © Hulton-Deutsch Collection/Corbis. Cartoon depicting Wang Jingwei : ©Zhonghua Ribao, March 30, 1940. General Claire Lee Chennault, 1943 : © Myron Davis/Time and Life/Getty Images. General Joseph Stilwell : © Topham Picturepoint/Topfoto. Chiang Kai-shek and Mahatma Gandhi near Calcutta, 1942 : © Topham Picturepoint/Topfoto. Mao inspects Eighth Route Army troops stationed in Yan’an : © J. A. Fox Collection/Magnum Photos. Wounded Chinese troops, Burma, 1942 : © George Rodger/Magnum Photos. Refugees fleeing famine-stricken Henan province, 1943 : Harrison Forman/American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Libraries. Female famine victim, Henan, 1943 : Harrison Forman/American Geographical Society Library, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Libraries. A Chinese soldier guards a squadron of Curtiss P-40 Warhawk fighter planes, 1943 : © The Granger Collection/Topfoto. Colonel David Barrett and diplomat John Service outside their Yan’an billet : © Courtesy of the Service Family. Song Meiling on the rostrum of the US House of Representatives, Washington, January 18, 1943 : © Bettmann/Corbis. Chiang Kai-shek, Franklin D. Roosevelt, Winston Churchill, and Song Meiling at the Cairo Conference, 1943 : © Topham Picturepoint/Topfoto. Participants in the Greater East Asia Conference: Ba Maw, Zhang Jinghui, Wang Jingwei, Hideki Tojo, Wan Waithayakon, José P. Laurel, Subhas Chandra Bose, Tokyo, November 1943 : © Mainichi Shimbun/Aflo Images. Refugees on foot, November 1944 : © Press Association Images. Chinese-manned American tanks enter Burma, January 1945 : © Press Association Images. General Okamura Yasuji of the Imperial Japanese Army in China during the surrender ceremony, with the Chinese delegation under General He Yingqin, Nanjing, September 9, 1945 : © akg-images. Zhang Zizhong, Mao Zedong, Patrick Hurley, Zhou Enlai, and Wang Ruofei, en route to Chongqing for negotiations after the Japanese surrender, 1945 : © Wu Yinxian/Magnum Photos. Chinese paramilitary policemen carrying wreaths of flowers march toward the Nanjing Massacre Memorial Hall in Nanjing, December 13, 2012, to mark the seventy-fifth anniversary :© CQ/Camera Press, London. Anti-Japanese demonstration during the Diaoyu Islands dispute, Shenzhen, September 16, 2012 : © Imaginechina/Rex Features.
About the Author
R ANA M ITTER is Professor of the History and Politics of Modern China at the University of Oxford and a fellow of St. Cross College. As director of Oxford’s research program on China’s war with Japan, he is the recipient of a major grant from the Leverhulme Trust. Mitter is the author of several previous books on modern China, including the prizewinning A Bitter Revolution . He is a regular contributor to television and radio around the world, and his writing has appeared in numerous publications,