Brother Cadfael 16: The Heretic's Apprentice by Ellis Peters

too, even to priests, but there was none of them found any great fault with him for thinking about such things. What are wits for unless a man uses them?"
    "That's presumption," said Aldwin, "in simple folk like us, who haven't the learning or the calling of the churchmen. As the king and the sheriff have power over us in their field, so has the priest in his. It's not for us to meddle with matters beyond us. Conan's right, listen and say Amen!"
    "How can you say Amen to damning a newborn child to hell because the little thing died before it could be baptized?" Elave asked reasonably. "It was one of the things that bothered him. He used to argue not even the worst of men could throw a child into the fire, so how could the good God? It's against his nature."
    "And you," said Aldwin, staring curiosity and concern, "did you agree with him? Do you say so, too?"
    "Yes, I do say so. I can't believe the reason they give us, that babes are born into the world already rotten with sin. How can that be true? A creature new and helpless, barely into this world, how can it ever have done wrong?"
    "They say," ventured Conan cautiously, "even babes unborn are rotten with the sin of Adam, and fallen with him."
    "And I say that it's only his own deeds, bad and good, that a man will have to answer for in the judgment, and that's what will save or damn him. Though it's not often I've known a man so bad as to make me believe in damnation," said Elave, still absorbed in his own reasoning, and intent only on expressing himself clearly and simply, without suspicion of hostility or danger. "There was a father of the Church, once, as I heard tell, in Alexandria, who held that in the end everyone would find salvation. Even the fallen angels would return to their fealty, even the devil would repent and make his way back to God."
    He felt the chill and the shiver that went through his audience, but thought no more of it than that his travelled wisdom, small as it still was, had carried him out of the reach of their parochial innocence. Even Fortunata, listening silently to the talk of the menfolk, had stiffened and opened her eyes wide and round at such an utterance, startled and perhaps shocked. She said nothing in this company, but she followed every word that was spoken, and the colour ebbed and flowed in her cheeks as she glanced attentively from face to face.
    "That's blasphemous!" said Aldwin in an awed whisper. "The Church tells us there's no salvation but by grace, not by works. A man can do nothing to save himself, being born sinful."
    "I don't believe that," said Elave stubbornly. "Would the good God have made a creature so imperfect that he can have no free will of his own to choose between right and wrong? We can make our own way towards salvation, or down into the muck, and at the last we must every one stand by his own acts in the judgment. If we are men we ought to make our own way towards grace, not sit on our hams and wait for it to lift us up."
    "No, no, we're taught differently," insisted Conan doggedly. "Men are fallen by the first fall, and incline towards evil. They can never do good but by the grace of God."
    "And I say they can and do! A man can choose to avoid sin and do justly, of his own will, and his own will is the gift of God, and meant to be used. Why should a man get credit for leaving it all to God?" said Elave, roused but reasonable. "We think about what we're doing daily with our hands, to earn a living. What fools we should be not to give a thought to what we're doing with our souls, to earn an eternal life. Earn it," said Elave with emphasis, "not wait to be given it unearned."
    "It's against the Church fathers," objected Aldwin just as strongly. "Our priest here preached a sermon once about Saint Augustine, how he wrote that the number of the elect is fixed and not to be changed, and all the rest are lost and damned, so how can their free will and their own acts help them? Only God's grace can save. Everything else